Journal of Advances in Developmental Research
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Volume 16 Issue 1
2025
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Physiographic Regions of Jalore District
| Author(s) | Yashwant Kumar |
|---|---|
| Country | India |
| Abstract | Jalore District, located in the western part of Rajasthan, India, is characterized by a diverse and unique landscape, which can be divided into distinct physiographic regions. This paper examines the different physiographic zones of the district, including the Aravalli Range, the semi-arid plains, and the river valleys. The study explores the topography, soil types, drainage systems, and climatic influences that shape the region's physiography. Understanding these physiographic divisions is essential for comprehending the region's agricultural potential, water resources, and the socio-economic activities of the local population. The findings of this research provide valuable insights for land use planning, environmental conservation, and sustainable development in the region. Introduction Jalore District, located in the southern part of Rajasthan, lies between latitudes 23°5' N and 25°8' N and longitudes 71°6' E and 74°12' E. The district is bordered by Sirohi to the north, Barmer to the west, and Gujarat to the south. The geography of Jalore is marked by its varied physiographic features, which include the Aravalli mountain range, undulating plateaus, river valleys, and vast plains. The district is also home to several rivers, including the Sabarmati and its tributaries, which significantly influence the hydrology and land use patterns of the region. The topography of Jalore is characterized by a mix of rugged terrain, gently sloping plateaus, fertile river valleys, and expansive plains. The Aravalli mountain range, which runs through the northeastern part of the district, stands as one of the oldest mountain chains in India, forming a key geographical feature. The region also experiences a semi-arid climate, with low rainfall, hot summers, and cooler winters. These climatic conditions combined with its physiographic features greatly affect the agricultural practices, water availability, and overall economic development of the district. In terms of soil, Jalore experiences variations due to its diverse landscape. Fertile alluvial soil is found in river valleys, while the plains have sandy and loamy soils, which affect crop cultivation. Furthermore, the land forms and their associated water bodies have influenced the development of settlements in the region. Urban centers and agricultural activities are concentrated along river basins, where water availability is more favorable. The socio-economic structure of Jalore is heavily influenced by its physiography, as the hilly regions are sparsely populated, while the plains and river valleys are more densely settled and agriculturally productive. The district’s varied physiographic zones contribute to its diversity in terms of cultural practices, economic activities, and land use. This paper aims to analyze the physiographic regions of Jalore District, delving into the significance of its varied landforms in shaping the region’s climate, agriculture, human settlements, and overall development. By examining the Aravalli mountains, the plateaus, the river valleys, and the plains, the paper seeks to provide an understanding of how these landforms influence the socio-economic and environmental landscape of Jalore. Understanding these dynamics is essential for effective land use planning, sustainable development, and addressing the challenges posed by land degradation and water scarcity in this region. Physiographic Regions of Jalore District Jalore District can be divided into four distinct physiographic regions based on its topography and landforms: 1. Aravalli Range The Aravalli Range runs through the northern and northeastern parts of Jalore District. This region is characterized by rugged terrain with hills, ridges, and valleys. The Aravallis are one of the oldest mountain ranges in India, and their geological history plays a significant role in shaping the landscape of Jalore. The mountains in this region are rich in minerals and serve as an important ecological zone, with forests and wildlife. The presence of these hills also influences the climatic conditions of the district, providing a cooler climate compared to the surrounding areas. 2. Semi-Arid Plains The central and southern parts of Jalore District are characterized by semi-arid plains, with a predominance of sandy soils and sparse vegetation. These plains are largely infertile, limiting agricultural activities to drought-resistant crops like millet and pulses. The climate in this region is hot and dry, with minimal rainfall. These plains are susceptible to desertification and require careful land management practices to prevent further degradation. Water scarcity is a critical issue in this region, with farmers relying heavily on rainwater and groundwater for irrigation. 3. River Valleys and Drainage Systems Jalore District has several river valleys, including the Sabarmati and its tributaries, which cut across the district from the northeast to the southwest. The presence of these rivers plays a significant role in shaping the topography, as they create fertile plains along their banks, allowing for agriculture. These river valleys also provide water resources for both irrigation and domestic use. However, the drainage systems in the district are not well-developed, and water management remains a challenge in many areas. 4. Plateaus and Undulating Terrain In the southwestern part of Jalore District, the land gradually transitions into plateaus and undulating terrain. This region is characterized by relatively flat or gently sloping areas with shallow valleys and low hills. The soil in this area is generally more fertile, supporting a wide range of agricultural activities. The plateaus are well-suited for growing crops such as wheat, barley, and cotton, which are important for the local economy. However, the land in this region is also vulnerable to erosion if not managed properly. Impact of Physiography on Agriculture and Water Resources The physiographic divisions of Jalore District have a profound influence on both agriculture and water resources. These variations in the terrain not only determine the types of crops that can be grown in different areas but also dictate the availability and management of water, which is crucial for agricultural productivity. Aravalli Hills The Aravalli mountain range, which runs through the northeastern part of Jalore, is characterized by its rugged terrain and mineral-rich soil. The cooler climate of the hills is more conducive to supporting forests and diverse biodiversity, including medicinal plants and vegetation suited to higher altitudes. However, large-scale agricultural activities are limited in this region due to the steep slopes and rocky landforms. Additionally, water retention is lower in these areas, leading to reduced groundwater recharge. Agriculture is mostly limited to terrace farming or small-scale cultivation, which is often dependent on rainwater or small irrigation systems. The region also experiences soil erosion, which can further diminish soil fertility, posing challenges to agricultural sustainability. Semi-Arid Plains The plains of Jalore, found in the western and central parts of the district, are characterized by sandy soils and a semi-arid climate. These areas face significant challenges in water retention, which directly impacts the fertility of the land and the types of crops that can be grown. The sandy soils have low organic content, making them vulnerable to soil erosion and desertification when not properly managed. Although irrigation is a potential solution, it is not widely accessible due to the limited availability of water and the lack of efficient infrastructure. As a result, agriculture in the plains is mostly dependent on seasonal rains, with drought conditions frequently affecting crop yields. In these areas, the focus is often on drought-resistant crops like millet, barley, and pulses, which are better suited to the arid conditions. River Valleys The Sabarmati River and its tributaries flow through the eastern parts of the district, where the land is relatively flat and fertile. River valleys in Jalore are among the most agriculturally productive regions due to the rich alluvial soil deposited by the rivers during seasonal floods. These fertile plains support crops like wheat, cotton, and mustard, contributing significantly to the agricultural economy of the district. However, the issue of water management becomes critical in these areas, as the river systems are often over-exploited for irrigation purposes, leading to problems of water scarcity and depletion of groundwater levels. Efficient water management systems, such as check dams, canals, and rainwater harvesting, are essential to maintain water supply and ensure sustainable agricultural practices. |
| Keywords | . |
| Field | Arts |
| Published In | Volume 16, Issue 1, January-June 2025 |
| Published On | 2025-01-30 |
| Cite This | Physiographic Regions of Jalore District - Yashwant Kumar - IJAIDR Volume 16, Issue 1, January-June 2025. |
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IJAIDR DOI prefix is
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