Journal of Advances in Developmental Research

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Non-Performing Assets in Indian Banking: Causes, Consequences, and Remedial Measures

Author(s) Dr Mona Agarwal
Country India
Abstract Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) have been a persistent challenge for the Indian banking sector, affecting financial stability, credit growth, and economic development. This research paper critically examines the causes, consequences, and remedial measures associated with NPAs in India. It explores structural and operational inefficiencies, sectoral vulnerabilities, and macroeconomic factors contributing to rising NPAs. The study also highlights the adverse impacts on bank profitability, credit availability, and economic growth, supported by numerical data. Various regulatory and policy interventions, including the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016, SARFAESI Act, Asset Reconstruction Companies (ARCs), and government recapitalization initiatives, are analyzed to assess their effectiveness in NPA resolution. Furthermore, the role of technology-driven solutions such as AI-based credit assessment, blockchain integration, and predictive analytics in mitigating future NPAs is discussed. Statistical data indicates a decline in gross NPAs from 11.2% in FY2018 to 4.2% in FY2023, reflecting improved asset quality and recovery mechanisms. The paper concludes by recommending enhanced risk management frameworks, stricter credit discipline, and innovative financial solutions to ensure a sustainable and resilient banking sector. A comprehensive approach combining regulatory reforms, technological advancements, and financial prudence is essential to curb NPAs and foster long-term economic stability in India.
Keywords Non-Performing Assets, Indian Banking Sector, Credit Risk, Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, Asset Quality, Financial Stability, Loan Recovery, Risk Management, Banking Reforms, AI in Banking
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 16, Issue 1, January-June 2025
Published On 2025-02-11
Cite This Non-Performing Assets in Indian Banking: Causes, Consequences, and Remedial Measures - Dr Mona Agarwal - IJAIDR Volume 16, Issue 1, January-June 2025. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.14983263
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14983263
Short DOI https://doi.org/g869j6
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